Since 1616, the Edo or Tokugawa (shogunate) period, Japan was closed to foreigners, except the Chinese and the Dutch. The country then experienced a great period of stability and development. The cities extend and a middle class emerges with the merchants and large craftsmen. From the visit of Commodore Perry in 1854, Japan evolved very quickly. In ten years, Westerners intervened militarily to force Japan to open up to international trade. Finally, the last shogun Yoshinobu abdicated and Mutsuhito ascended the throne in 1867, it was the beginning of the Meiji era (1868-1912), the modernization and transformation of Japan from a feudal nation to the second economic power on the planet..
VATICAN AND PAPAL STATES 20 Centesimi Pie XI an XI 1932 Rome AU
11.00 €
Bulletin de la Société Française de Numismatique - 55e année, n° 1 Collecti
6.00 €
La ceca de Valentia RIPOLLES ALEGRE P.
45.00 €
COSTANTE Maiorina AU
60.00 €
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