fwo_1181170 - ANGLETERRE - ROYAUME D'ANGLETERRE - ÉDOUARD Ier Penny n.d. Newcastle

ENGLAND - KINGDOM OF ENGLAND - EDWARD I

(1272-1307)

Édouard Plantagenêt (1239-1307) was the eldest son of Henri III (1216-1272) and Éléonore de Provence. He was first Duke of Aquitaine (1252-1272) and married Éléonore de Castille who died in 1290. In second marriage, he married Marguerite de France, the daughter of Philippe III le Bold (+1317). He paid homage for Guyenne and Aquitaine and recovered the territories lost to the Treaty of Paris in 1259. After the annexation of Wales, Edward I made his son Edward the first Prince of Wales, a title that later bore all the heirs of the Kingdom. Edward fought against the Scots and defeated them in 1296 and 1298. At the end of his reign, he had to deal with the rise of Robert Bruce (1306-1329). The other enemy was Philippe IV le Bel who tried to counter the influence of the Plantagenêts in Aquitaine. Philip's daughter Isabella married Edward's son, the future Edward II.